ANALISIS PERLINDUNGAN HAK ANAK PADA KASUS PENGASUHAN KINSHIP CARE BERDASARKAN TEORI JUSTICE DI SEMAMPIR SURABAYA
Authors
-
Vanesa Amalia
Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia
-
Olivia Afriska Ramadhani
Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia
-
Muhammad Al-Mutashim Billah
3Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia
https://doi.org/10.55799/alusroh.v3i02.841
Keywords:
Children’s Rights, Kinship Care, JusticeAbstract
Kinship care constitutes an important alternative form of childcare when biological parents are unable to provide adequate protection and meet their children’s needs due to factors such as divorce, poverty, or death. In the Semampir area of Surabaya, kinship care is widely practiced; however, the fulfillment of children’s rights remains suboptimal. Many children living under kinship care arrangements experience unequal access to education, healthcare services, psychological support, and adequate housing, while also facing social stigma that exacerbates both their vulnerability and the burden placed on caregivers.
This study examines the protection of children’s rights within the context of kinship care through the lens of John Rawls’s theory of distributive justice. Employing an empirical socio-legal method, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation analysis of divorce-related cases. The findings reveal that economic constraints, social discrimination, and weak legal support mechanisms contribute to the unequal distribution of resources and inadequate protection afforded to children in kinship care settings.
The study concludes that the application of social justice principles is essential to strengthening child protection mechanisms and ensuring the fair and equitable fulfillment of children’s rights. Accordingly, policy interventions should actively involve the government, social institutions, and community actors to create an integrated and justice-oriented kinship care framework.
References
Alhakim, Abdurrakhman. “Diversion as a legal concept that is equitable for children in Indonesia.” Mizan: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 11, no. 2 (2022): 147–57.
Azzahro, Fatimah. “TINJAUAN YURIDIS PENELANTARAN HAK ASUH ANAK AKIBAT PERCERAIAN ORANG TUA (Studi Kasus: di Kabupaten Jepara).” Semarang: Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang, 2023. https://repository.unissula.ac.id/31907/.
Budiyono. “Pelaksanaan Pengaturan Kartu Identitas Anak Sebagai Jaminan Kepastian Hukum Hak Atas Anak Terlantar (Studi Kasus Di Jakarta Selatan).” Law Research Review Quarterly 11, no. 2 (2025): 1072–1100. https://doi.org/10.15294/llrq.v11i3.28468.
Chand, Hari. Modern jurisprudence. Kuala Lumpur: International Law Book Services, 1994.
Eleanora, Fransiska Novita, Zulkifli Ismail, Ahmad, dan Melanie Pita Lestari. Buku Ajar Hukum Perlindungan Anak dan Perempuan. 1 ed. Bojonegoro: Madza Media, 2021. http://digilib.upnb.ac.id/items/show/100.
Faiz, Pan Mohamad. “Teori Keadilan John Rawls.” Jurnal Konstitusi 6, no. 1 (2009): 135–49. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2847573.
Habib, Yahya Abdul, dan Jacobus Jopie Gilalo. “Social Justice Theory in Indonesia Reviewed from the Philosophy of Law.” International Journal of Business, Law, and Education 6, no. 1 (2025): 238–47. https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v6i1.995.
Hans, Cherly Melvia Joeng, Jessica Chua, dan Nadiaintanceria. “Analisis perlindungan hukum atas hak asuh anak dalam perceraian menurut hukum perdata.” Jurnal Kewarganegaraan 8, no. 1 (2024): 970–76. https://doi.org/10.31316/jk.v8i1.6450.
Hati, Diana Permata, dan Asep Suherman. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Perempuan Dalam Kasus Penelantaran.” Jurnal Kajian Hukum Dan Kebijakan Publik 2, no. 1 (2024): 305–13. https://doi.org/10.62379/2rfak536.
Ismail, Mahsun, Agustri Purwandi, Gatot Subroto, Adriana Pakendek, Safitri Wulandari, dan Mohammad Ilham AR. “Jaminan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan Korban Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual.” Legal Standing: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 8, no. 3a (2024): 839–48. https://doi.org/10.24269/ls.v8i3a.10437.
Kayla, Nadira, Mia Amalia, dan Aji Mulyana. “The Effect Of Domestic Violence On The Mental Health Of Victims: A Legal And Sociological Approach To Its Management.” Justisi : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 10, no. 1 (2025): 50–79. https://journal.ubpkarawang.ac.id/index.php/JustisiJurnalIlmuHukum/article/view/8183/6846.
Khoiriyah, Rizqi Anggun. “Pemenuhan hak anak terlantar pada lembaga perlindungan anak kota Malang perspektif Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2015 Tentang Perlindungan Anak: Studi pada Lembaga Perlindungan Anak Kota Malang.” Malang: Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, 2023. http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/80648/.
Laksmana, Debby Fitrian Surya, dan Anang Dony Irawan. “Perlindungan Hak Anak Jalanan Sebagai Korban Penelantaran.” Binamulia Hukum 10, no. 2 (2021): 107–15. https://doi.org/10.37893/jbh.v10i2.381.
Lubis, Syaddan Dintara. “Pemberian Nafkah terhadap Anak Dari Perkawinan Tidak Tercatat Menurut UU Perkawinan dan KHI.” As-Syar’i: Jurnal Bimbingan & Konseling Keluarga 6, no. 1 (2024): 133–44. https://doi.org/10.47467/as.v6i1.3345.
Nugroho, Fentiny. “Child abuse and kinship guardianship: social work and indigenization perspectives in Indonesia.” African Journal of Social Work 13, no. 5 (2023): 224–34. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajsw.v13i5.1.
Nurillah, Isma, Dian Afrilia, Neisa Angrum Adisti, dan Desia Rakhma Banjarani. “Philosophy Concept of Restorative Justice in Handling Juvenile Delinquent.” Nurani Hukum : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 5, no. 2 (2022): 148–60. https://doi.org/10.51825/nhk.v5i2.17003.
Panjaitan, Agus Panahatan, Adi Putra Prajitna, Ade Nugroho, dan Agung Ramanto. “Hukum Kekerasan Anak dalam Perspektif Filsafat Hukum: Analisis atas Keadilan dan Hak Asasi Manusia di Indonesia.” Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora 4, no. 2 (2025): 858–65. https://doi.org/10.55606/jurrish.v4i2.5318.
Pinem, Veronika, dan Arief Wahyudi. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Sebagai Korban Penelantaran oleh Orangtua Berdasarkan Undang-Undang No. 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak (Studi Di Kota Medan).” Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research 4, no. 5 (2024): 7632–44. https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v4i5.15176.
Rawls, John. A Theory of Justice. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999.
Ruswanto, Annisa, dan Oci Senjaya. “Studi Kasus Anak Terlantar Di Indonesia Bersumber Pada Kajian Sosiologi Hukum.” JUSTITIA Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Humaniora 6, no. 1 (2023): 100–107. https://doi.org/10.31604/justitia.v6i1.100-107.
Simatupang, Nursariani, dan Faisal. Hukum Perlindungan Anak. Medan: CV. Pustaka Prima, 2018. http://repository.umsu.ac.id/handle/123456789/15407.
Sirajudin. “Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Anak Pasca Perceraian Orang Tua Di Desa Bonder Kecamatan Praya Barat Kabupaten Lombok Tengah NTB.” Malang: Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, 2011. http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/7784/.
Sugiono. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R & D. Bandung: ALFABETA, 2017.
Suryantoro, Dwi Dasa. “Hak Asuh Anak Pasca Perceraian Menurut Kompilasi Hukum Islam: Analisis Yuridis Dan Konseptual.” Legal Studies Journal 4, no. 1 (2024): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.33650/lsj.v4i1.9444.
Tamrin. Hak Dan Perlindungan Anak Dalam Alquran. Diedit oleh Darlis. 1 ed. Palu: Pesantren Anwarul Qur’an, 2021. https://repository.uindatokarama.ac.id/id/eprint/1764/.
Ummah, Khoiro. “Perlindungan hak anak terlantar; Studi komparatif Imam Nawawi dan Undang-undang nomor 35 tahun 2014 tentang perlindungan anak.” Malang: Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, 2022. http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/34741/2/16210064.pdf.
Utami, Sri, Hepy Krisman Laia, dan Muhammad Arif Sahlepi. “Protection Law To Child (Based on Constitution Number 35 of 2014 concerning Change on Constitution Number 23 Year 2002 about Protection Children (‘Law 35/2014’)).” International Journal of Law and Society 2, no. 3 (2025): 180–184. https://doi.org/10.62951/ijls.v2i3.691.
Wardani, Nadella Pramudiya. “TINJAUAN YURIDIS TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KESEHATAN MENTAL DAN HAK ANAK PASCA PERCERAIAN ORANG TUA (Studi Pada Putusan Pengadilan Agama Nomor 2103/Pdt. G/2023/Pa. Smg).” Semarang: UPT. Perpustakaan Undaris, 2025.
